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1-Page Summary of On War
Artificial intelligence has advanced to the point where it’s possible to create audio and video of fake events that never occurred. This technology, known as deepfakes, is a serious concern for democratic societies. For example, terrorist groups can put words in the mouths of world leaders and rally people around their causes. In addition, anyone with access to a computer and internet will be able to create deepfakes in the near future. Meanwhile, social media will enable these videos to spread quickly without verification by users who are already biased towards them because they look realistic.
It is possible that governments could use deepfakes as part of disinformation campaigns. For example, a fake video of police brutality would have helped Russia’s efforts to deepen divisions in the United States prior to the 2016 presidential elections. Deepfakes can also undermine democratic societies in less obvious ways: The knowledge alone that such technology exists makes citizens more skeptical about even real media reports and images.
Democracies should try to protect themselves from the effects of deepfakes. One way is with forensic technology that can detect abnormal eye movements, as well as digital watermarks and authenticators on recording devices. High-profile individuals could defend themselves by wearing a device that records everything they say and do; however, this would mean losing privacy. Laws against creating deepfakes may deter some people from producing them but not the most serious perpetrators who will avoid identification or national courts. Social media websites could be liable for posted content, which might result in over-censoring of content.
